Kyrgyzstan
officially the Kyrgyz Republic formerly known as Kirghizia, is a country
located in Central Asia. Landlocked and mountainous, Kyrgyzstan is bordered by
Kazakhstan to the north, Uzbekistan to the west, Tajikistan to the south west
and China to the east. Its capital andlargest city is Bishkek.
The climate
varies regionally. The south-western Fergana Valley is subtropical and
extremely hot in summer, with temperatures reaching 40 °C (104 °F) The northern
foothills are temperate and the Tian Shan varies from dry continental to polar
climate, depending on elevation. In the coldest areas temperatures are sub-zero
for around 40 days in winter, and even some desert areas experience constant
snowfall in this period.
Kyrgyzstan is
one of two former Soviet republics in Central Asia to retain Russian as an
official language, Kazakhstan being the other. It added the Kyrgyz language to
become an officially bilingual country in September 1991.
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